{"id":4758,"date":"2026-05-06T10:31:44","date_gmt":"2026-05-06T10:31:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vnsfemaleassociation.org\/?p=4758"},"modified":"2026-05-06T10:35:28","modified_gmt":"2026-05-06T10:35:28","slug":"hinh-tuong-phu-thuy-qua-lang-kinh-nghe-thuat-tu-qua-khu-den-hien-tai","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vnsfemaleassociation.org\/en\/hinh-tuong-phu-thuy-qua-lang-kinh-nghe-thuat-tu-qua-khu-den-hien-tai\/","title":{"rendered":"H\u00ccNH T\u01af\u1ee2NG PH\u00d9 TH\u1ee6Y QUA L\u0102NG K\u00cdNH NGH\u1ec6 THU\u1eacT: T\u1eea QU\u00c1 KH\u1ee8 \u0110\u1ebeN HI\u1ec6N T\u1ea0I"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"has-primary-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-844ba90438d5e4664fa8e00b25f5c9a8\"><em>Trong k\u00fd \u1ee9c tu\u1ed5i th\u01a1 c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf h\u1ec7, nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt ph\u00f9 th\u1ee7y \u2013 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1eafc h\u1ecda qua nh\u1eefng trang truy\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 N\u00e0ng B\u1ea1ch Tuy\u1ebft hay Hansel &amp; Gretel \u2013 th\u01b0\u1eddng hi\u1ec7n th\u00e2n cho c\u00e1i \u00e1c, s\u1ef1 d\u1ecb h\u1ee3m v\u00e0 g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi h\u00e0nh vi h\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ed9c. C\u00f3 l\u1ebd v\u00ec th\u1ebf m\u00e0 xuy\u00ean&nbsp; su\u1ed1t d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef \u2013 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb g\u1eafn v\u1edbi h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh ph\u00f9 th\u1ee7y \u0111\u1ed9c \u00e1c, ph\u1ea3i s\u1ed1ng trong s\u1ef1 th\u00f9 gh\u00e9t c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, lu\u00f4n mang trong m\u00ecnh m\u1ed9t n\u1ed7i s\u1ee3 b\u1ecb k\u00ecm h\u00e3m hay th\u1eadm ch\u00ed b\u1ecb c\u01b0\u1edbp l\u1ea5y t\u00ednh m\u1ea1ng. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng, h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00f9 th\u1ee7y d\u1ea7n b\u01b0\u1edbc ra kh\u1ecfi b\u00f3ng t\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 k\u1ef3 th\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho quy\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 ch\u1ee7 v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef. S\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n r\u00f5 n\u00e9t qua t\u1eebng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111i\u1ec7n \u1ea3nh v\u00e0 v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u200e<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>I. QU\u00c1 KH\u1ee8 PHONG TR\u00c0O WITCH HUNT<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-primary-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-43f76c551fb10dd6ccad76207b53f52c\">T\u1eeb n\u1ed7i s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ma qu\u1ef7 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c si\u00eau nhi\u00ean, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u00e2u \u00c2u trung \u0111\u1ea1i d\u1ea7n h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ni\u1ec1m tin g\u1eafn ph\u00e9p thu\u1eadt v\u1edbi d\u1ecb gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 Satan, d\u1eabn t\u1edbi phong tr\u00e0o S\u0103n ph\u00f9 th\u1ee7y (Witch Hunt). Ngay t\u1eeb kho\u1ea3ng th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XI-XIV, nh\u1eefng quan ni\u1ec7m n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh, bi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c nghi ng\u1edd m\u01a1 h\u1ed3 th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c c\u00e1o bu\u1ed9c mang t\u00ednh t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 ph\u00e1p l\u00fd, \u0111\u1eb7t n\u1ec1n m\u00f3ng cho c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c s\u0103n ph\u00f9 th\u1ee7y sau n\u00e0y. Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh \u0111\u00f3, s\u1ef1 ra \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch <em>&#8220;Malleus Maleficarum&#8221; (t\u1ea1m d\u1ecbch: B\u00faa t\u1ea1 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00f9 th\u1ee7y)<\/em> c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 Heinrich Kramer v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1486 \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u1eb7t quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 n\u1ed7i s\u1ee3 m\u00e0 c\u00f2n h\u1ee3p th\u1ee9c h\u00f3a vi\u1ec7c s\u00e1t h\u1ea1i ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef d\u01b0\u1edbi danh ngh\u0129a t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nysoclib.org\/blog\/malleus-maleficarum-hammer-witches\">1<\/a>].<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u200e<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-primary-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-2739e93b01c01f4fa089858514feb3eb\">Su\u1ed1t ba th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 t\u1eeb 1450 \u0111\u1ebfn 1750, nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eau d\u1ec7t b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u lan r\u1ed9ng. Nh\u1eefng c\u00e1o bu\u1ed9c phi l\u00fd nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e1nh tr\u00e1o tr\u1ebb s\u01a1 sinh hay t\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o\u1ea1t b\u1ea3n l\u0129nh \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0 l\u1edbp m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef n\u1eb1m ngo\u00e0i v\u00f2ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, c\u00f3 tri th\u1ee9c, am hi\u1ec3u y thu\u1eadt ho\u1eb7c h\u00e0nh ngh\u1ec1 tr\u1ee3 s\u1ea3n.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u200e<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-primary-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-bbd7c9e1456674b9f8fd4cd30168bb74\">T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00f9 th\u1ee7y d\u1ea7n b\u1ecb bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh n\u1ed7i s\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. H\u1ecd b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3ng khung trong h\u00ecnh h\u00e0i c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb \u0111i\u00ean lo\u1ea1n, x\u1ea5u x\u00ed, c\u01b0\u1ee1i ch\u1ed5i ho\u1eb7c giao k\u00e8o v\u1edbi qu\u1ef7 d\u1eef. Ch\u00ednh s\u1ef1 b\u00f3p m\u00e9o n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 k\u00edch \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ed t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ef1c \u0111oan, bi\u1ebfn danh x\u01b0ng &#8220;ph\u00f9 th\u1ee7y&#8221; th\u00e0nh b\u1ea3n \u00e1n t\u1eed h\u00ecnh cho h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0n th\u00e2n ph\u1eadn v\u00f4 t\u1ed9i. Ngay c\u1ea3 khi c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c x\u00e9t x\u1eed b\u1ecb b\u00e3i b\u1ecf, b\u00f3ng ma \u1ea5y v\u1eabn \u00e1m \u1ea3nh v\u0103n h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00fang qua nh\u1eefng th\u01b0\u1edbc phim kinh d\u1ecb hay ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft Gothic. T\u1eeb nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt Abigail Williams trong <em>The Crucible<\/em> \u0111\u1ebfn Thomasin trong <em>The Witch<\/em>, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef v\u1eabn hi\u1ec7n l\u00ean v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 c\u00f4 \u0111\u1ed9c v\u00e0 hoang d\u1ea1i \u2013 m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 sinh ra \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ecb s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i, b\u1ecb ph\u00e1n x\u00e9t v\u00e0 b\u1ecb s\u0103n \u0111u\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u200e<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>II. H\u00c0NH TR\u00ccNH THAY \u0110\u1ed4I H\u00ccNH T\u01af\u1ee2NG PH\u00d9 THU\u1ef6 TR\u00caN M\u00c0N \u1ea2NH V\u00c0 V\u0102N H\u1eccC<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-primary-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-690ac53e6906b97b87c1364675f77ea9\">Tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ee9c s\u1ed1ng m\u00e3nh li\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c phong tr\u00e0o x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9, m\u1ea7m m\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a n\u1ed7i s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ea7n l\u1ee5i t\u00e0n, m\u1edf ra m\u1ed9t ch\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u00e1ch m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 th\u1ea5u hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i nh\u00e2n ph\u1ea9m.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u200e<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-primary-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-0a420d589eb12ce9dea7999f922df25c\">B\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean di\u1ec5n ra v\u00e0o th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 1960 v\u1edbi b\u1ed9 phim &#8220;Bewitched&#8221; \u2013 m\u1ed9t l\u0103ng k\u00ednh ph\u1ea3n chi\u1ebfu nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i s\u00e2u s\u1eafc t\u1ea1i M\u1ef9 trong th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 60. B\u1ed9 phim s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u00e9p thu\u1eadt nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u00e9p \u1ea9n d\u1ee5 cho s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp c\u1ee7a ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i gia tr\u01b0\u1edfng. Nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt ch\u00ednh Samantha Stephens l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u00f9 th\u1ee7y mang ngo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef b\u00ecnh d\u00e2n. C\u00f4 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho h\u00ecnh m\u1eabu ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i b\u1ecb gi\u1eb1ng x\u00e9 gi\u1eefa vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t b\u00e0 n\u1ed9i tr\u1ee3 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi mang n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c phi th\u01b0\u1eddng, khi c\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean ph\u1ea3i che gi\u1ea5u ph\u00e9p thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ed3ng Darrin. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i, t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh \u00e1p l\u1ef1c h\u00f2a nh\u1eadp v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 k\u00ecm n\u00e9n tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef th\u1eddi b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng tr\u00ean h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh t\u00e1i \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00f9 th\u1ee7y t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t k\u1ebb ph\u1ea3n di\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e1ng s\u1ee3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a n\u1eef quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 ch\u1ee7 [<a href=\"https:\/\/qz.com\/quartzy\/1608008\/bewitched-was-a-traditional-show-dressed-in-feminist-clothing\">2<\/a>].<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u200e<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-primary-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-0cb355a3b7b75fb63461fd0e06d36cc6\">N\u0103m 1964 ch\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3n s\u1ef1 ra \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch \u201cFeminine Mystique\u201d \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft b\u1edfi Betty Friedan. T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee5 quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 l\u00e0 ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi nh\u1eefng xi\u1ec1ng x\u00edch quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c l\u1ea1c h\u1eadu \u1edf trong gia \u0111\u00ecnh v\u00e0 n\u01a1i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c. Cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec1 cho s\u1ef1 tr\u1ed7i d\u1eady, \u0111\u00f2i l\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng, x\u00f3a b\u1ecf b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1eadp ph\u00e1 c\u00e1c khu\u00f4n m\u1eabu x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m v\u00e0 v\u1ec1 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed trong gia \u0111\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef. Nh\u1edd nh\u1eefng d\u01b0 \u00e2m \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 n\u0103m 1968 \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn cu\u1ed9c bi\u1ec3u t\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c b\u1edfi W.I.T.C.H \u2013 Women\u2019s International Terrorist Conspiracy from Hell <em>(t\u1ea1m d\u1ecbch: \u00c2m m\u01b0u kh\u1ee7ng b\u1ed1 Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c) <\/em>v\u00e0o \u0111\u00eam Halloween, khi c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean h\u00f3a trang th\u00e0nh ph\u00f9 th\u1ee7y v\u00e0 di\u1ec5u h\u00e0nh xu\u1ed1ng ph\u1ed1 Wall \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf s\u1ef1 th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 gia tr\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9. \u0110\u00e2y c\u0169ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh ph\u00f9 th\u1ee7y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o phong tr\u00e0o n\u1eef quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec7m cho c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c bi\u1ec3u t\u00ecnh ti\u1ebfp theo. [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/The-Feminine-Mystique\">3<\/a>] <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u200e<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-primary-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-b2217fd3160c2b8ce152856a61575d4e\">\u0110\u1ebfn th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 1970, t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m &#8220;Carrie&#8221; c\u1ee7a Stephen King \u0111\u00e3 mang \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t g\u00f3c nh\u00ecn kh\u1ed1c li\u1ec7t h\u01a1n khi kh\u1eafc h\u1ecda ph\u00f9 th\u1ee7y nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 k\u00ecm n\u00e9n v\u00e0 b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i th\u00f4ng qua nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt ch\u00ednh Carrie. Kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi v\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p xinh x\u1eafn, hi\u1ec1n l\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a Samantha Stephens, Carrie \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00ed nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u00f9 th\u1ee7y b\u1ecb ru\u1ed3ng b\u1ecf v\u00e0 b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 b\u1edfi b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 \u0111\u1ed3ng l\u1ee9a m\u00e0 c\u00f2n b\u1edfi ch\u00ednh ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eb9 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m, thay v\u00ec gieo r\u1eafc n\u1ed7i s\u1ee3 v\u00f4 c\u0103n c\u1ee9, bu\u1ed9c ng\u01b0\u1eddi xem ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 th\u1ea5u c\u1ea3m, nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng quy\u1ec1n n\u0103ng b\u1ed9c ph\u00e1t \u0111\u00f4i khi l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u1ea3n kh\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n b\u1ecb d\u1ed3n v\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f9ng [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Carrie_(novel)\">4<\/a>].<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-primary-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-fd44a5e7e8c775da361492eb47fc1d25\">\u200e<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-primary-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-b6922d45d9e3343db2c718c96786c401\">B\u01b0\u1edbc sang th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 1990, c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111i\u1ec7n \u1ea3nh nh\u01b0 &#8220;Sabrina The Teenage Witch&#8221; v\u00e0 \u201cThe Craft\u201d ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c l\u00e0m d\u1ecbu \u0111i h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch g\u1eafn ph\u00e9p thu\u1eadt v\u1edbi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm b\u1ea3n s\u1eafc c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n. \u1ede c\u1ea3 hai t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y, h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh ph\u00f9 th\u1ee7y tr\u1edf n\u00ean g\u1ea7n g\u0169i h\u01a1n v\u1edbi th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 tr\u1ebb khi c\u00e1c nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt d\u00f9ng n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u1eb9p cho b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n v\u00e0 x\u00f3a b\u1ecf b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng. Kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi di\u1ec7n m\u1ea1o \u0111\u00e1ng s\u1ee3 hay b\u1ecb k\u00ecm n\u00e9n, \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y, h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh ph\u00f9 th\u1ee7y c\u00f3 n\u00e9t nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng v\u00e0 n\u1eef t\u00ednh (<em>femininity).<\/em> Qua hai v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh n\u00e0y, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh<em>(power) <\/em>v\u00e0 n\u1eef t\u00ednh<em>(femininity) <\/em>kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i hai s\u1eafc t\u1ed1 ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t m\u00e0 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 h\u00f2a h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh m\u1edbi \u2013 ph\u00f9 th\u1ee7y hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u200e<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-primary-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-80b8591adade3b062149e78ad0f805fe\">Cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ec9nh cao v\u00e0o th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XXI qua hai c\u1ed9t m\u1ed1c &#8220;Wicked&#8221; v\u00e0 &#8220;Maleficent&#8221;. N\u1ebfu Elphaba trong &#8220;Wicked&#8221; l\u1eadt ng\u01b0\u1ee3c quan \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u1ec1 thi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u00e1c, ch\u1ee9ng minh r\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 &#8220;\u0111\u1ed9c \u00e1c&#8221; th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 c\u00e1i nh\u00e3n d\u00e1n m\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1m \u0111\u00f4ng \u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t l\u00ean k\u1ebb d\u00e1m ph\u1ea3n kh\u00e1ng, th\u00ec &#8220;Maleficent&#8221; l\u1ea1i ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n b\u1ee9c ch\u00e2n dung \u0111\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ph\u01a1i b\u00e0y nh\u1eefng t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3n n\u0103ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd \u0111\u1eb1ng sau v\u1ebb ngo\u00e0i gai g\u00f3c. Chu\u1ed7i m\u1eaft x\u00edch n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c x\u00f3a b\u1ecf \u0111\u1ecbnh ki\u1ebfn l\u1ed7i th\u1eddi, chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a \u00e1nh m\u1eaft s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i th\u00e0nh s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u1ea3m v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng m\u1ed9 d\u00e0nh cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef b\u1ecb hi\u1ec3u l\u1ea7m qua nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u200e<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-primary-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-ffba6192a87c6c5f2ed7d7280169fa35\">Nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u00edch t\u1ee5 bao ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e1m \u0111\u1ee9ng d\u1eady, d\u00e1m c\u1ea5t ti\u1ebfng, d\u00e1m thay \u0111\u1ed5i s\u1ed1 ph\u1eadn v\u00e0 c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn l\u1ed7i th\u1eddi t\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u1eebng \u0111\u00e3 \u0103n s\u00e2u trong l\u00f2ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u200e<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-primary-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-4c9c85cc4dd56cce66aa98ae212a29b1\"><strong>III. G\u00d3C NH\u00ccN M\u1edaI C\u1ee6A X\u00c3 H\u1ed8I<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-primary-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-614068d03596ad5e72365c120673dbfc\">M\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ea5u tranh cho quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef, t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c b\u1ec1n b\u1ec9 nh\u1ea5t, \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ea7n m\u1edf ra ch\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7n nay \u2013 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a l\u1ea1i b\u1ea3n s\u1eafc. Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea1i, h\u00ecnh b\u00f3ng ph\u00f9 th\u1ee7y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u1ea9n khu\u1ea5t trong b\u00f3ng t\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a n\u1ed7i s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i, m\u00e0 d\u1ea7n b\u01b0\u1edbc ra \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a quy\u1ec1n n\u0103ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1 t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp.&nbsp;\u200e<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u200e<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-primary-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-b7e0b0a785190f43004e18d6b72841c9\">S\u1ef1 tr\u1ed7i d\u1eady c\u1ee7a l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi tinh th\u1ec3, \u0111\u00e1 qu\u00fd hay ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt Tarot \u0111\u00e3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh n\u00ean kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m &#8220;ph\u00f9 th\u1ee7y hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i&#8221; <em>(modern witchcraft)<\/em>. Nh\u1eefng th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n b\u1ecb xem l\u00e0 d\u1ecb gi\u00e1o hay m\u00ea t\u00edn, m\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3n nh\u1eadn nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi b\u1ea3n th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 v\u0169 tr\u1ee5. Vi\u1ec7c t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 ma thu\u1eadt gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u00e9t v\u0103n h\u00f3a th\u00fa v\u1ecb, m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm s\u1ef1 an y\u00ean gi\u1eefa th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea7y bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch gi\u00fap con ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00ecm ra \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. D\u00f9 g\u00f3c nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u1edbi ph\u00e9p thu\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 c\u1edfi m\u1edf h\u01a1n, ng\u00e0y nay, tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u1eabn t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng khu v\u1ef1c n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ecbnh ki\u1ebfn v\u1ec1 t\u00e0 thu\u1eadt g\u00e2y ra b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c cho ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef. T\u1ea1i Ghana, cho \u0111\u1ebfn nay v\u1eabn t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng khu t\u1eadp trung ph\u00f9 th\u1ee7y nh\u01b0 Kukuo, Tindang, Gushiegu v\u1edbi h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Nh\u1eefng ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef b\u1ecb c\u00e1o bu\u1ed9c l\u00e0 ph\u00f9 th\u1ee7y b\u1ecb b\u1eaft v\u00e0 thi\u00eau s\u1ed1ng v\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n tin r\u1eb1ng n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng thi\u00eau \u0111\u1ed1t th\u00e2n th\u1ec3 ph\u00f9 th\u1ee7y, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ed9i m\u1ed3 s\u1ed1ng d\u1eady [<a href=\"https:\/\/giaoducthoidai.vn\/so-phan-cua-nhung-phu-nu-bi-gan-mac-phu-thuy-post632899.html\">5<\/a>].&nbsp;\u200e<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u200e<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-primary-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-27faaa640347eb704d80b7ee01947b55\">C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i, h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh t\u1eeb k\u1ebb \u00e1c \u0111\u1ebfn bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u1eef quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a ph\u00f9 th\u1ee7y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00ed nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m g\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 do v\u00e0 ni\u1ec1m h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef. Ch\u1eb7ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a kh\u00e9p l\u1ea1i nh\u01b0ng ph\u00f9 th\u1ee7y s\u1ebd m\u00e3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ea5t di\u1ec7t v\u00ec n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho ph\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thu\u1ea7n h\u00f3a trong m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef \u2013 m\u1ed9t l\u1eddi nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf r\u1eb1ng quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 n\u1eb1m \u1edf vi\u1ec7c d\u00e1m kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 d\u00e1m \u0111\u1ee9ng l\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5u tranh v\u00ec ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u200e<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-primary-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-48e6c13abf5c9c366c2ea49d6538e3f1\"><em>Reference materials:<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nysoclib.org\/blog\/malleus-maleficarum-hammer-witches\"><em>Malleus Maleficarum: The Hammer of Witches | The New York Society Library<\/em>. (2020, October 19). <\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/qz.com\/quartzy\/1608008\/bewitched-was-a-traditional-show-dressed-in-feminist-clothing?utm_medium=sharefromsite&amp;utm_source=quartz_link\"><em>Before we knew better: \u201cBewitched\u201d was a traditional show dressed in feminist clothing<\/em>. Quartz. <\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/The-Feminine-Mystique\">\u200cChurchill, L. B. (2018). The Feminine Mystique. In <em>Encyclop\u00e6dia Britannica<\/em>. <\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Carrie_(novel)\">\u200c<em>Carrie (novel)<\/em>. (2021, October 11). Wikipedia. <\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/giaoducthoidai.vn\/so-phan-cua-nhung-phu-nu-bi-gan-mac-phu-thuy-post632899.html\">\u200cKhoa, A. (2023, April 4). <em>S\u1ed1 ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef b\u1ecb g\u00e1n m\u00e1c ph\u00f9 thu\u1ef7<\/em>. B\u00e1o Gi\u00e1o D\u1ee5c v\u00e0 Th\u1eddi \u0110\u1ea1i Online. <\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>\u200e<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-primary-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-70f23fec8afa8253476031830dcb25c5\">T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3: L\u00ea Tr\u1ea7n Gia Linh<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Trong k\u00fd \u1ee9c tu\u1ed5i th\u01a1 c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf h\u1ec7, nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt ph\u00f9 th\u1ee7y \u2013 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1eafc h\u1ecda qua nh\u1eefng trang truy\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 N\u00e0ng B\u1ea1ch Tuy\u1ebft hay Hansel &amp; Gretel \u2013 th\u01b0\u1eddng hi\u1ec7n th\u00e2n cho c\u00e1i \u00e1c, s\u1ef1 d\u1ecb h\u1ee3m v\u00e0 g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi h\u00e0nh vi h\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ed9c. C\u00f3 l\u1ebd v\u00ec th\u1ebf m\u00e0 xuy\u00ean&nbsp; su\u1ed1t d\u00f2ng [&hellip;]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":4762,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4758","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-women-and-literature"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vnsfemaleassociation.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4758","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vnsfemaleassociation.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vnsfemaleassociation.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vnsfemaleassociation.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vnsfemaleassociation.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4758"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/vnsfemaleassociation.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4758\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4764,"href":"https:\/\/vnsfemaleassociation.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4758\/revisions\/4764"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vnsfemaleassociation.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4762"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vnsfemaleassociation.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4758"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vnsfemaleassociation.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4758"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vnsfemaleassociation.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4758"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}